Non-surgical and surgical repair of iatrogenic and pathologic perforations

Perforations are pathologic or iatrogenic communications between the root canal system and the attachment apparatus. The clinician must be particularly concerned about avoiding the tooth's perforations during endodontic therapy since a perforation will necessitate additional treatment. The perforation creates an "additional" portal of exit in the root canal system. Once identified, it must be sealed as quickly as possible since periodontal involvement arising from the perforation can become irreversible with time. If a perforation occurs, the tooth does not necessarily require surgery, intentional replantation, or extraction; in fact, it can be treated successfully in a conservative manner and continue to function like the perforation was never done. Today, there is no reason to believe that the tooth will be lost prematurely because of this complication.

Course Objectives:

– To have a useful update and valid experiences that can be transferred to clinical practice.